The Use of Physical Space in Architecture

Physical infiniteThe term surroundings is burdensome to cover with when trying to definite it briefly. tho as Caldwell ( 1980 ) assert eitherone understands the term but cipher is able to specify it . One needs to be sedulous, both in identify and curtailing it range because it constrain anything from the biosphere to the smallest animal ( Ladan, 2009 ) . The environment on an international graduated table is given by the wide scopes of issue being addressed globally. It includes sustainable usage of cancel resources, biodiversity, and step upstanding natural heritage, protection of the ozone bed, atmosphere, clime, and forest of life, safeguarding of homosexual wellness and therefore doing environmental construction and infinites accessibility to all. With a broader position, the environment encompasses the physical, scotch, cultural, aesthetic and social infinites. For this thesis work, accent shall be on the physical infinite, which is an built-in portion of the environ ment. The physical infinite here refers to the built environment.The position of normalers and urban center interior decorators atomic number 18 much(prenominal) that the physical environment, to a big extent is referred to as the reenforce environment. Ahianaba, Dimuna and Okungun ( 2008 ) stated that, construct environment is the edifices and infinites mingled with them. There is a relationship and interaction between the edifices and the infinites. The reinforce environment in cosmosy developing states is going increasingly worse. Peculiarly Nigeria built environment is in a province of desperation. Harmonizing to World savings bank ( 2005 ) , a batch of factors are therefore accountable to the deteriorating position of Nigerian built environment. Unplanned metropolis design attacks, rural-urban migration, rapid urbanisation, regular economic downswings, sink of urban housework, rot of urban substructures, to call but a few of them. Another importingant discouraging fa ctor of the Nigerian urban built environment is non-compliance with constructing bye-laws and ordinances. This inattentiveness consequences continually brings traffic hurt, dehumanisation and overturns the civic pride ( Ahianaba et al. , 2008 ) .Ahianaba et al. , ( 2008 ) further argues that in the formation of any environment, the physical environment is considered as the most of import built-in. The physical environment helps organisms, persons and at big, the habitual a direct contact and interaction. This interaction and relationship are largely obvious and existent. The relationship between human wellness and the physical infinite cant be over-emphasised. An improved lodging system with handiness for all characteristics, good sanitation, recreational installations, and environmental hygiene could put a gait for an enabling built environment. The issues of overcrowding, slums development and homesteader colony, all have negative influences on our built environment.One of the f ocal run of this research work is to grok how a separate quandary i.e. an architectural design in the reinforced environment is keeping the raft from really personal to economic domain of life. In an effort to unknot this individual design hindrance, we need to holistically look at the Nigeria built environment. It is non a far fetch truth that true states are seeking and recommending remodelling of old edifices and increasing handiness characteristics in new edifices to carter for the turning handicapped and elderly public. ( ADA 2010 Equality Act 2010 ILO 2002 UNCRPD 2006 ) . In Nigeria mount as enunciated by Ahianba ( 2008 ) , Nigeria built environment is fast decaying. A putrefy built environment can therefore non concentrate on handiness characteristic, her anteriority will be how to acquire out the present province of desperation.The Nigeria built environment, deteriorating as a consequence of rural built environment missing supply of basic comfortss. Where this comf ortss are provided, they are unequal and do non work efficaciously due to laxness of relevant Nigeria governments. This has led to high rate of rural-urban migration. The urban infinite, consequently has to postulate with overcrowding, substandard lodging system. As a consequence of this migration displacement from rural infinite to urban infinite, force per unit areas are on designers and metropolis interior decorators to carter for the pullulating migrating public. Nigeria characterised of an casual physical infinite, has two issues to face with. Suiting the new urban inhabitant and how efficaciously they will take part in the degenerating unplanned urban infinite. Ahianba et al. , ( 2008 ) , posit that to better our built environment, there should be proviso of basic infrastructural comfortss, standard lodging, decrease of overcrowding, good sanitation and conformity with edifice bye-laws and jurisprudenceNigeria urban infinite is overcrowded as a consequence of addition in he r population and deficient lodging. Lagos, Ibadan, kano, Enugu, Benin metropolis etc. , are Nigeria high denseness urban metropoliss. The ratio of tenancy per room in urban infinites is every bit high as 16 or 110 ( federal official Offices of Statics, 2001 ) . Overcrowding of Nigeria public infinite causes environmental pollution, deteriorate professional and societal services, destroys the beaches, recreational installations and Parkss, etc. ( Dubos, 1967 ) . The overcrowding issues of our urban infinite restraint the authorities into looking at the how the public infinites could be accessible and functional for her senior citizen as they age. Government range is being limited to how to decide the overcrowding. Disability and handiness as a societal issue ( Gleeson 1993 Oliver 1996 ) is a job that has a societal and wellness effects ( Asbell 1975 Chombant 1979 ) .The United Nation ( 1975 ) believes that African lives in brooding and interact in a public infinite that is parlous and a cause of human indignity. This is largely reflected in Nigeria lodging system, which sometimes lacks conventional and natural airing, illuming and sunlight shading devices, buffers to knap down noise pollution and walkers for walk-way way of her flock. These issues cant be over-emphasised, they are indispensable aspect of comfy life.The urban infinites are non planned, it is a production of grown development. It sprang and developed from small towns and trade station. However, they still retain their disused semi-permanent edifices. These are grounds for Nigeria edifices, jumping up randomly, roads are narrow, colony are homesteaders, addition rate of slum development, seamy environment, deficient traffic marks, etc. The hapless airing in Nigerian edifice designs causes her citizens to kip outside during modify season. Their house are either non good cross-ventilated or being block by another house or fencing. World Health Organisation karyon map includes publicity of goo d lodging, enabling public infinites which must be environmentally hygienic ( WHO, 1946 ) . Borrowing from Osuide ( 2004 ) , one of the cardinal self-respect, physical and mental wellness, is belongings a safe topographic point to brood. Odomudu ( 1987 ) and Sarinen ( 1966 ) argues that a good home and a functional public infinite escalate the well-being and aspiration of the people because the dwelling topographic point and public infinites are where domestic and personal map of each persons takes topographic points. The physical and mental wellness of a individual depends greatly on his or her environment. An person and his or her place are centerpiece of society ( Aihana et al. , 2008 ) .Harmonizing to Ahianba et al. , ( 2008 ) , to accomplish a functional and healthier built environment, on a Nigeria context, based on her present built environment quandary. Creation of aesthetics values, fancify the urban environment, good landscape gardening and ocular satisfying capable infi nites should be integrated into the design strategy of designers and metropolis interior decorators. Advocating of an equal urban and rural colony, which should be conceptualised in an orderly manner manner of a good professionals be aftering. Government policies should be re-evaluated with a possibility for amendment and new Torahs or Acts of the Apostless emanating and rigorous conformity with bing edifice jurisprudence. Non-compliance with Nigeria constructing bye-laws and ordinances is one of the indispensable factor creditworthy for Nigeria disintegrating built environment ( Ahianba et al. , 2008 ) . In the sub subdivision of this chapter, it holistically looks at Nigeria constructing bye-laws and ordinances with the position that if the jurisprudence is being purely adhere to, possibly, it will further better the quality of Nigeria built environment and possibly, accessible to all her people. The town planning regulations and Torahs are being violated, which resulted to improp er planning of the environment.In the creative activity of a reinforced environment, the issue of lodging is non an exceeding. Salama ( 2006 ) argues that lodging is the platform for the creative activity of life environment for fully grown male and his family.it cater for his psychological and societal development. The issue of handiness in a adult male s house ca nt be overemphasized because lodging transcend the physical dimension of shelter proviso for adult male but it encompasses the general environment within the edifice, which avail societal services and infrastructural services for optimal satisfaction of the utilizing public. Housing as a completed environment in which adult male lives and turn, should hold handiness characteristic included at the abrasion of the architectural design and non improvised at create or usage phase. The handiness issue therefore correlative between the quality of life and the quality of the physical environment in which 1s lives.Housing sign ifiers in Nigeria have over the old ages wear a enormous noveltys in content, signifier, construction and spacial planning as a consequence of architecture.in our delicate planet, alteration is the lone changeless thing. This changes harmonizing to saad and ogunsusi ( 1996 ) have unerasable effects on the life styles of Nigerians and it therefore affects their orientation of the physical infinite. Housing as a contemplation of cultural, societal and economic values of any society as to be given proper consideration of planning and governmental policy should be geared toward achieving a humane and antiphonal environment.Housing which is a signifier of shelter and a larger portion of any states built environment, is one of the basic necessity of mans being. Olotuah ( 1997a, 2002a ) argues that the insufficiency of lodging threatens the very footing of his beings. It enhances the public assistance, societal engagement and productiveness of adult male. The United Nation ( 1971 ) adopte d that every citizens merit an entree to adequate lodging without any hinderance whatsoever. The UN ( 1971 ) and by its indorsement in 1976 by 131 other states, was bore out of the fortunes of the demand to better the lodging touchstone and insufficiency of the nations hapless bulk. Her cardinal purpose is the proviso of appropriate lodging within the economic range of the bulk of the public. Nigeria is a fellowship to this pact but yet Nigeria authorities still finds it difficult to supply an enabling environment for lodging proviso, allow entirely an accessible lodging for her people. ( Olotuah, 2002a ) .The Nigerian authorities lodging programmes have non been able to fit the lifting public. It been left to the custodies of the private sectors. In Nigeria today, the private sector provide the majority of the lodging stock which do non hold handiness characteristic because their designs are non socially oriented but net income oriented ( Olotuah, 2009 ) . For this ground vast o f the public will non look out for handiness characteristics in the edifice, instead will see how the lodging stock could be increased to run into the high demand. It is the sentiment of the research worker that every bit much as there is a diminution in the Nigeria lodging stock. Introduction of accessible characteristic in new designs and an effort to fabricate bing constructions, will non incur an excess cost of building but it will assist advance the United Nations ( 1979 ) acceptance. Furthermore, doing the Nigeria built environment friendlier and less discriminatory to the people of different capablenesss, which do hold their ain socio-economic values to the economic system of the state.The Nigerian designers have a great function to play in face-lifting of our reinforced environment. The quality of human home ground is a cardinal architectural issue in achieving a humane and antiphonal environment ( Olotuah, 2009 ) . The architectural design must be in such a manner that it improves the quality of the human environment through an orderly development of the human environment.